A.N.Tupolev

42k b/w drawing of ANT-23 from the "History of aircraft construction in the USSR" Vol.1 by V.B.Shavrov, p.439

he I-12 had a central nacell with a pusher and a tractor engines, and very slender twin tail booms. It was armed with two recoilless 76mm cannons, incorporated in the hollow tail booms! I-12 was proposed and designed by Victor Nikolaevich Chernyshov, working at the AGOS section of the TsAGI

Aircraft took of at the end of 1931, but refinements lasted until 1933. Aircraft failed to pass factory tests due to poor flight characteristics. Tall fixed landing gear, poor aerodynamics of engine cowling, metal corrugated ('gofre') wing skin produced huge drag. Plus a common mess of tandem engines - pusher propeller efficiency drops in air flow disturbed by the tractor propeller.

But the worst was that there were no way for pilot to bail out. Pusher propeller had no emergency stop/drop system, and the cockpit was not equipped with catapult.

On May 19, 1932 first attempt to fire cannons. One APK-4 exploded, damaging tail boom. Test pilot I.F.kozlov landed crippled aircraft safely.

Only one prototype was built. Second ANT-23bis, equipped with emergency systems was not finished.

Sources [6], Vol.1 p.439-440;

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ANT-23, Tupolev

I-12, Tupolev

Technical data

Type

I-12, ANT-23

Function

fighter

Year